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Florfenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which has a good inhibitory effect on Gram-positive and negative bacteria. Therefore, many pig farms frequently use florfenicol to prevent or treat pig diseases in the case of frequent diseases. Veterinarians in some pig farms use large doses of florfenicol to treat or prevent diseases regardless of disease, group and stage. Florfenicol is not omnipotent. It should be used reasonably in order to achieve the ideal effect.
Florfenicol is not omnipotent, and the method of use is key
Florfenicol is a commonly used antibiotic in pig farms. It has a very wide antibacterial spectrum, has a strong killing effect on Gram-positive and negative bacteria, and also has a strong antibacterial effect on anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria and negative spirochetes, Rickettsia, amoeba protozoa, etc.
In vitro and in vivo tests showed that the antibacterial activity of florfenicol was significantly better than that of current antibiotics, such as chloramphenicol (banned), thiamphenicol, oxytetracycline, tetracycline and ampicillin, as well as quinolones widely used at present. After intramuscular injection of florfenicol for 1 hour, the therapeutic concentration can be reached in the blood, and the peak concentration can be reached in 1.5 ~ 3 hours; The effective blood drug concentration can be maintained for more than 20 hours.
In addition, florfenicol can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and its therapeutic effect on animal bacterial meningitis is not comparable to that of other antibiotics. Using the recommended amount of non-toxic side effects, it overcomes the risk of aplastic anemia and other toxicity caused by thiamphenicol, and will not cause harm to animals and food. It is used for the treatment of infections in all parts of the body caused by bacteria, including the prevention and treatment of bacterial respiratory diseases, meningitis, pleurisy, mastitis, intestinal infection and postpartum syndrome in pigs.
Which diseases are best controlled by florfenicol?
1. Swine disease using florfenicol is preferred
It is recommended as the drug of choice for swine pulmonary disease, porcine infectious pleuropneumonia and Haemophilus parasuis, especially for the treatment of bacteria resistant to fluoroquinolones and other antibiotics.
2. Florfenicol can also be used to treat the following pig diseases
It can also be used to treat respiratory diseases caused by various streptococci (pneumonia), Bordetella bronchiseptica (atrophic rhinitis), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (porcine asthma); Salmonella disease (paratyphoid fever of piglets), colibacillosis (yellow and white diarrhea of piglets, edema disease of piglets) and other gastrointestinal diseases caused by other sensitive bacteria. Florfenicol can be used for the treatment of these pig diseases, but it is not the first choice for these pig diseases, so it should be used carefully.
Common misunderstandings in pig farms
1. The dose is too large or too small. In some cases, the dosage of mixed feeding reaches 400mg / kg, and the dosage of injection reaches 40 ~ 100mg / kg, or even higher. Some are as small as 8 ~ 15mg / kg. If the dose is large, it will be poisoned and if it is small, it will be ineffective.
2. Too long. Some use drugs in large doses for a long time without restraint.
3. Use object, stage error. Pregnant sows and fattening pigs use such drugs indiscriminately, resulting in poisoning or drug residues, resulting in unsafe production and food.
4. Improper compatibility. Some people often use florfenicol in combination with sulfonamides and cephalosporins. Whether it is scientific and reasonable is worth exploring.
5. Mixed feeding and drug administration are not stirred evenly, resulting in ineffective drug use or drug poisoning.
Precautions for using Florfenicol
1. It should not be used in combination with macrolides (such as tylosin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, tilmicosin, kitasamycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, etc.), Lincomycin (such as lincomycin, clindamycin) and diterpenoid semi synthetic antibiotic tylosin, which can produce antagonistic effect.
2. Florfenicol is not compatible with β- Lactone amines (such as penicillins, cephalosporins) and fluoroquinolones (such as enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, etc.) are used in combination, because florfenicol is a quick acting bacteriostatic agent that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, and the latter is a quick acting bactericide in reproductive period. Under the action of the former, bacterial protein synthesis is rapidly inhibited, bacteria stop growth and reproduction, and the bactericidal effect of the latter is weakened. Therefore, when the treatment needs to play a rapid bactericidal role, it can not be used together.
3. It cannot be mixed with sulfadiazine sodium for intramuscular injection. Oral or intramuscular administration should not be combined with alkaline drugs to avoid decomposition failure. It should not be mixed with tetracycline hydrochloride, kanamycin, adenosine triphosphate and coenzyme A for intravenous injection to avoid precipitation and effect reduction.
4. Intramuscular injection may cause muscle degeneration and necrosis. Therefore, it can be injected alternately in the deep muscles of the neck and hip, and it is not suitable to inject repeatedly in the same part.
5. As florfenicol may have embryotoxicity, it should be used with caution in pregnant and lactating sows.
6. When the body temperature of sick pigs is high, it can be used with antipyretic analgesics and dexamethasone, and the effect is better.
7. In the prevention and treatment of porcine respiratory syndrome (PRDC), some people recommend the combination of florfenicol and amoxicillin, florfenicol and tylosin, florfenicol and tylosin. This method is inappropriate, because from the perspective of pharmacology, the two can not be used together. However, florfenicol can be combined with tetracyclines, such as doxycycline.
8. Florfenicol has hematological toxicity. Although it does not cause irreversible bone marrow aplastic anemia, the reversible inhibition of erythropoiesis caused by florfenicol is more common than chloramphenicol (disabled). Animals with severe immune deficiency during vaccination or immune function are prohibited.
9. Long term use may cause digestive disorders and symptoms of vitamin deficiency or double infection.
10. In the prevention and treatment of swine disease, we should be careful and give drugs according to the specified dose and course of treatment. We should not abuse them to avoid adverse consequences.
11. Animals with renal insufficiency should reduce or prolong the interval of administration.
12. In case of low temperature, it is found that the dissolution rate is slow; Or flufenicol precipitates in the prepared solution, which can be dissolved quickly by heating slightly (no more than 45 ℃). The prepared solution should be used up within 48 hours.
According to the above introduction, it is very safe to select the appropriate dosage form and refer to the recommended dosage. Individual animals may have a short-term loss of appetite, reduced drinking water or diarrhea, slight pain at the intramuscular injection site and slight tissue reaction, which are normal and can return to normal after stopping the drug.
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